November 18, 1518... Cortés, the ambitious adventurer, sets out to discover and conquer the unknown empire of Mexico at daybreak before Velasquez has a chance to stop him.

The Aztecs are apprehensive about the arrival of the white men. It is a bad omen. Spanish conqueror Cortés is appointed Captain and will be heading toward new territories.

Daniel takes us to the Rambouillet castle, which includes a very interesting building on its grounds: the Laiterie de la Reine, or Queen's Dairy, which was built for Marie Antoinette in accordance with the "pleasure dairy" trend of the eighteenth century.

The Maestro recounts the events just before Ferdinand Magellan's untimely death in 1521, only a year after he discovered the passage that would allow him to circumnavigate the globe.

This new episode of "Il était une fois..." covers Cortés and the Aztecs. The story starts in 1519, when Ferdinand Magellan attempts to circumnavigate the earth. His ship makes it as far as Brazil.

In this first part of his tour of Rambouillet, Daniel shows us the town's beautiful castle and its surrounding forest, islands, and gardens. Do you know what a "quincunx" in a garden is? If not, you'll find out in this video.

James Bruce, the intrepid Scottish explorer, finally reaches his goal, the source of the Nile... or so he thought. After all his trouble, his exploits are not well received in England. But his legacy will live on.

After curing the queen mother's grandchildren of smallpox, James Bruce meets with the Ethiopian emperor, Tekle Haymanot, to tell him of his plans to discover the source of the Nile. But he soon finds out that he'll have to demonstrate his warrior skills if he wants to reach Lake Tana.

Daniel Benchimol continues his tour of the medieval town of Senlis with a look inside the Notre-Dame Cathedral, which is considered to be one of the most beautiful examples of Gothic architecture in France. The cathedral contains a magnificent organ and a plaque commemorating the British soldiers who died in France during World War I.

In this episode, Daniel Benchimol takes us to the little Gallo-Roman city of Senlis, forty kilometers away from Paris. There, we can discover its fish and vegetable market, its church, and its art and archeology museum.

As James Bruce and his crew arrive in Massawa in hopes of meeting the king, they are thwarted by the king's messenger, who was ordered not to let in any foreigners. But since the royal palace is in need of a doctor, and Bruce happens to be one, he may be forced to make an exception....

In the second segment of this episode of Les Explorateurs (The Explorers), James Bruce, our intrepid adventurer, encounters some pirates while trying to reach the source of the Nile.

In this episode of the "Once Upon a Time" animated series on world explorers, we begin to learn the history of Cairo and the Nile River in Egypt.

Galileo is in prison. He tries one more time to prove his theories to his inquisitor. But he finally recants during the trial saying the famous sentence: "and yet... it turns"

Galileo faces an uncertain future. Behind the scenes are political and religious intrigues and enemies plotting his downfall. The Pope, until now sympathetic to Galileo, has a change of heart. Under pressure from all sides and insulted by his latest works, The Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems, portraying the Church's view through the character Simplicio (Simpleton), the pope finally sends Galileo to the Inquisition Tribunal.

Galileo is under close scrutiny because of his Copernican views. Unfazed, he carries on his research and his teachings. Will the Inquisition bring his demise or will his powerful friends, Pope Urban VIII among them, protect him?

Galileo is about to throw caution to the wind and reveal his startling discoveries about planet Earth.

In part five of this episode on "The Discoverers," Galileo is warned. His belief that the Earth revolves around the sun is sacrilegious. Giordano Bruno, who claimed this fact, was burned as a heretic by the Inquisition Tribunal.

In part four of this episode on "The Discoverers," Galileo, now a reputable scholar at the University of Padua, proceeds to make a telescope out of lenses with the help of his instrument maker, Marc'Antonio. In this cartoon, an attempt is made to explain Galileo's discoveries.

Episode nine of this series focuses on Galileo, a prolific inventor and scientist. He discovered the principle of the simple pendulum motion, very useful in the measure of time and later in the making of clocks.

In this video, a young Galileo gets one of his first revolutionary ideas on how to measure time. Pretty impressive for a fourteen-year-old, huh?

The Maestro explains how the revolutionary ideas of the early discoverers, which we now take for granted, were not always well received. Before Galileo, for example, everyone believed that the sun and all the other planets revolved around the earth!

In the last segment of this Il était une fois... episode on technology, we learn more about what vertical farms can do to help the planet thrive. The first commercial vertical farm recently opened in Singapore.

The students present the Maestro with various solutions for eliminating pollution on our planet, including vertical farms and biotechnology.